Abstract: IEEE 802.15.4 high density Wireless sensor network consist of large number of nodes, when any event occurs these sensor node becomes active in transmitting, it increases data traffic. Due to large volume of data transmission and restricted bandwidth congestion occurs. This leads packets to get delay, they even may get drop, throughput is reduced energy consumption is increased. A congestion control scheme in wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard is necessary to regulate traffic level at an acceptable value. Congestion may occur in wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard when data packets arrive at node and there is no space in the buffer. Congestion may also occur when all sensors send the data at the same time. This causes throughput reduction, packet loss and packet delay and wastage of limited energy. This seminar presents a survey of traffic control and resource control mechanisms to control congestion in wireless sensor networks based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard. It presents their significance, limitations and makes a comparison among them on the basis of various factors which would help in the future research and investigation in this particular area.

Keywords: IEEE 802.15.4, Network Congestion, Wireless Sensor Network, Congestion Control.